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The strategic importance of Turkey at the outset of the Second World War made it inevitable that the newly-born republic should be the target of covetous glances from every great power. This book provides the first comprehensive and systematic analysis of Turkish diplomacy during the conflict, as the Turks successively fended off pressure from both the Axis and Allied powers to enter the war. The Turkish position of 'active neutrality' was criticised both at the time and subsequently for its 'immorality', but Professor Deringil shows that Turkey's own military and political weakness made any other course of action impractical. Preservation of the nascent Turkish state had to be the guiding principle behind her foreign policy, and this was pursued with considerable tactical acumen by diplomats and strategists still, to some extent, versed in the Ottoman tradition.
- Sales Rank: #4064125 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Cambridge University Press
- Published on: 2004-07-08
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.50" h x .59" w x 5.43" l, .71 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 252 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
About the Author
Selim Deringil is Professor of History at Bo azici University in Istanbul, Turkey. He is the author of The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Ottoman Empire, 1876 1909 (1999).
Margot Light is Professor of International Relations at the London School of Economics. She is co-editor (with A. J. R. Groom) of Contemporary International Relations: A Guide to Theory (1994) and co-author (with Neil Malcolm, Alex Pravda and Roy Allison) of International Factors in Russian Foreign Policy (1996).
Christopher J. Greenwood is a Professor of International Law at the London School of Economics and Political Science, and a Bencher of the Middle Temple.
David Stephenson is an honorary research fellow in the School of History, Welsh History, and Archaeology at Bangor University, UK.
Andrew Walter is Reader in International Political Economy at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Dr Walter is co-author of Analyzing the Global Political Economy (2009). He has contributed to several books including Global Finance in Crisis (2009) and Making Global Self-Regulation Effective (2007).
Dominic Lieven is a research professor at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of the British Academy.
James Mayall is Sir Patrick Sheehy Professor of International Relations at the University of Cambridge, and Fellow of Sidney Sussex College. He has written widely on nationalism, international society, and Africa's international relations.
Most helpful customer reviews
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Highly recommended
By S. N. Kras
At the outset of World War II, Turkey was a poor, underpopulated country, still recovering from the devastations of the previous World War and the following Greek invasion. Staying out of the war was vital. However, weak as the country was, the Turks were no master of their destiny. Moreover, the extreme strategic importance of the Bosporus made Turkey seem especially vulnerable. In this book, Selim Deringil shows how the Turks achieved in turning this disadvantage into their advantage.
At the dawn of World War II, Turkish leaders realized that laying low, hoping that the storm would pass (a 'passive' neutrality) would not work. Instead, they strived for good relations with all parties. Both Hitler and Churchill demanded an active military involvement of Turkey to their cause, but the Turks managed to keep them at bay with non-committal treaties of Mutual Assistance (with France and England, 1939) and of Friendship (with Hitler, 1941) while maintaining diplomatic and trade relations with both parties. By chosing with whom to trade chrome ore, the Turkish government had an extra trump card up their sleeve; this metal was strategically vital for Germany, since it was a critical element of high grade steel alloys - and Turkey was the only country who could provide the Nazis with chrome. During the war, the Turks proved themselves as masters in negociating their political and economic allegiences to their maximum benefit.
This 'active' neutrality, by which Turkey kept an intensive ongoing dialogue with both Nazis and Allies, demanded unique skills of Turkish diplomacy. With the characters of Ismet Inönü and Numan Menemencioglu, the Turks were up to the task. The Turkish government frequently drove both the German ambassador Von Papen and the English government circles around Anthony Eden to despair. Britain, who wanted to end the chrome exports to Germany, asked to buy all of the Turksh chrome but loathed Menemencioglu's "bazaar instincts" when the Turks tripled their price for the metal and made the British buy the chrome in large package deals including dried fruit. The Nazis were equally frustrated by the frequent Turkish refusals to fight Stalin and participate in their New World Order. Buth since neither the British or the Nazis dared to attack Turkey, fearful of the consequences of such an attack, the Turks maintained a maximum freedom of movement.
In less than 190 pages of text, Selim Deringil gives a very intelligent and highly readable account of this fascinating piece of Turkish and world history. The main historical figures really come to live. But this is not just diplomatic history, since the book also includes a very smooth analysis of the political and economic legacies of the Ottoman empire to the Turkey of Mustafa Kemal, and of the changes brought to Turkish politics by Ismet Inönü. Nor does it focus solely on Turkish relations with Hitler and Churchill; the Soviet side of the story is treated just as well. Highly recommended.
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